 | 2015卫生A真题
概括大意与完成句子
You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak. Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carries of the virus.
2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.
3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West countries you risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person. Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though, the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.
4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.
5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body’s inflammatory response, causing the flu-like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting mechanism (凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion (器官灌注）ultimately lead to organ failure and death.
6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world’s most fatal viral infections. Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.
1你很可能知道在西部非洲的一些国家正争取埃博拉出血热疫情。埃博拉病毒是一种危险，往往是致命的病毒感染。科学家们认为人类感染了病毒，通过吃稀有动物的肉。现在认为蝙蝠是病毒的主要载体。
2.到目前为止，有只有三个主要国家在西部非洲经历主要的爆发： 塞拉利昂、 利比里亚和几内亚。然而，其他国家如尼日利亚有报告埃博拉病毒在其边界内的确诊的病例。
3 除非你最近参观了一个三个受影响的西方国家你感染病毒的风险几乎是零。不像严重急性呼吸系统综合症其他最近机载病毒暴发，像埃博拉病毒只可以通过与受感染者直接接触传播。具体而言，埃博拉病毒是通过体液接触传播的。不过，这种病毒是传染，只有表现出症状的感染的者是传染性。
4 埃博拉病毒的症状和体征,非是非特异性的症状和体征的埃博拉病毒，患者通常表现出他们经过一周的感染这种病毒。症状可能显示为早在两天或作为初始感染后三周迟了。症状包括恶心、 弱点和胃疼。更常见的症状包括胸部疼痛、 出血和喉咙痛。
5 埃博拉是灾难性的,因为它能够攻击并在身体的每个器官中复制。这会导致过度机体的炎症反应，导致出现流感样症状。这种病毒也会导致出血和损害身体的正常凝血机制 （凝血机制），使出血甚至更严重。血容量和降低的器官血流灌注 （器官灌注） 的损失最终导致器官衰竭和死亡.
6 目前的疫情是致命的病毒爆发在 35 岁以上。更多传染性疾病，如疟疾 （疟疾） 虽然，埃博拉病毒是世界上最致命的病毒感染之一。埃博拉病毒的死亡率超过了严重急性呼吸系统综合症。
23. paragraph 2 ___D____
24. paragraph 3 ____A___
25. paragraph 4 __ C____
26. paragraph 5 ___E____
A. Am I at risk of contracting the virus？我是有感染病毒的风险吗？
B. is the current outbreak the deadliest? 这是当前爆发最致命的？
C. How do know If have contracted the virus?如果感染病毒怎么知道，？
D. What areas arecurrently affected? 什么地区目前受影响？
E. What exactly does Ebola do to the body? 埃博拉病毒做什么对身体？
F. What caused theEbola outbreak? 什么造成的埃博拉病毒爆发？
27.The initialEbola outbreak was found in___E____.
28.The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses lies in___C____.
29.The symptoms of the patients after being infected may first appear___d ?_.
30.The Ebola virus transmits by contact with __A ?_____.
A. infected body fluids
B. against theoutbreak severity
C. the mode of transmission传输模式
D. the initial days of being infected被感染的最初的几天
E. three countries in West Africa西部非洲三国
F. within a widerange of days
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